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May 11, 2004

Psyops or torture at Abu Ghraib?

We've all seen the horrible pictures and wondered what happened at Abu Ghraib. Of course they're practices taken too far, and we all wonder why the US military participated in such despicable acts. Hearing about these abuses reminded me of a project I worked on last year, studying psychological operations (psyops).
Did you know that the US military has been researching psyops for decades? They're incredibly sophisticated now. Here, from the Department of the Army's own book, are a few techniques helpfully listed in an Appendix of psyop techniques: Errors. Scholastic pronunciation, enunciation, and delivery give the impression of being artificial. To give the impression of spontaneity, deliberately hesitate between phrases, stammer, or mispronounce words. When not overdone, the effect is one of deep sincerity... Assertion. Assertions are positive statements presented as fact. They imply that what is stated is self-evident and needs no further proof. Assertions may or may not be true. Glittering Generalities. Glittering generalities are intensely emptionally appealing words so closely associated with highly valued concepts and beliefs that they carry conviction without supporting information or reason, [such as]...love of country, home; desire for peace, freedom, glory, honor, etc. Though the words and phrases are vague and suggest different things...their connotation is always favorable. Unbelievably, this book was written in 1979. With such a deep, applied knowledge of psychology today, it's truly mind-boggling to see pictures that depict such crude uses of physical force on unsuspecting prisoners. What's the relation between persuasion and psychological operations? What are prisoners facing in Iraq? We'll talk about these things in the days to come.

Posted by at May 11, 2004 08:42 PM

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Comments


One journalist, Nastassia Lopez, has found an angle to the prison abuse story that brings a focus on Stanford research from 1971.

http://www.mtv.com/chooseorlose/headlines/news.jhtml?id=1487984

Dr. Phil Zimbardo, a long-time supporter of captology and my work (he wrote the foreword in my book), compares the recent prison behavior to what happened years ago in his "Stanford Prison Experiment."

The journalist writes:

"Two days into the good doctor's experiment, the normal, adjusted students were playing their prison roles with frightening reality. The "prisoners," fed up with having roll calls in the middle of the night, rebelled by pushing their beds against their cell bars and refusing to come out. The "guards" called in reinforcements, pulled the prisoners from their cells, striped them naked, and proceeded to humiliate and abuse them for hours. To further reinforce their power, the guards took away bathroom privileges and forced prisoners to urinate and defecate in buckets inside their cells, and to later clean the mess out with their bare hands. It got worse — so bad that Zimbardo halted the planned two-week study after only six days."



Still quoting from the article . . .

"Zimbardo went on to explain that the Stanford prison experiment and the Abu Ghraib prison scandal were built on the same foundations with similar (and even predictable) results. Inexperienced guards were given little instruction, extraordinary power and limited oversight. In Abu Ghraib that dynamic was heightened by the stress of war and death and the need for information from Iraqi prisoners."

Posted by: BJ Fogg, Persuasive Technology Lab at June 6, 2005 11:05 AM


Can you provide a reference that can be chased down to this material? Title, url, etc. Please.

Posted by: Ben Hyde at June 6, 2005 11:05 AM

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